Policies on tariffs and electric vehicles that are being considered by the incoming administration would likely affect Detroit automakers such as Ford.
The state said the Stellantis trucks had an unapproved device that circumvented emissions control and resulted in nearly 55 tons of excess oxides of nitrogen being released into the air.
Toyota has operated in China through joint ventures with local automakers but the Japanese automaker will build a new Shanghai factory and operate it independently, the Nikkei reported, with output set to begin around 2027.
Automakers have expressed frustration with the agency’s slow reviews of autonomous vehicles. Under the law, fully self-driving vehicles do not need NHTSA approval if they have required human controls.
While the challenge from China’s seemingly boundless EV expertise looms large for all traditional automakers, for Japan it represents a threat to the vast car-manufacturing supply chain that has been the country’s economic engine for years.
The self-driving truck developer, backed by Volkswagen, Nvidia and UPS, saw its fortunes stumble in 2022 when U.S. regulators began probing its Chinese connections, triggering boardroom disputes.